Pathologies
Gout
Gout is an inflammatory condition caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to episodes of intense pain, swelling, and redness. It is considered a form of arthritis, often affecting the joint at the base of the big toe but can also involve other joints.
Causes of gout:
- Increased uric acid levels in the blood (hyperuricemia);
- Diet rich in purines (red meat, seafood, alcohol);
- Genetic factors, obesity, kidney disorders, or the use of certain medications (diuretics).
Symptoms:
- Sudden and severe joint pain, often at night;
- Swelling, redness, and tenderness to touch;
- Stiffness and difficulty moving the joint.
Treatment and prevention:
- Anti-inflammatory medications and colchicine to manage acute attacks;
- Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (e.g., allopurinol) to reduce uric acid levels;
- Diet and lifestyle modifications: reducing alcohol and purine-rich foods, adequate hydration.
Early diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan can prevent complications and reduce the risk of recurrence, helping patients maintain an active and healthy life.