Pathologies
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a disease that reduces bone density, making bones fragile and prone to fractures. It is common in older adults, especially in women after menopause.
Symptoms:
- Usually asymptomatic until fractures occur;
- Frequent fractures, particularly in the hip, spine, or wrists;
- Back pain due to vertebral compression;
- Height reduction or a hunched posture.
Treatment:
- Medications: bisphosphonates, denosumab, vitamin D, and calcium;
- Physical exercises: to strengthen bones and prevent falls;
- Prevention: calcium-rich diet and sunlight exposure for vitamin D.
Early diagnosis through bone densitometry (DXA) and proper treatment can prevent fractures and severe complications.